Water-closet cistern



W. J. BOWERMAN. WATER CLOSET GISTBRN.

.(No Model.)

No. 540,042. Patented May-28, 1895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFI E.

\VILLIAM .Ii BOl/VERMAN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

WATER-CLOSET CISTERN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 540,042, dated May 28, 1895.

Application filed May 11, 1894. Serial No. 510,831. (No model.)

troit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Closet Cisterns,

of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction of the flushing devices for water closets, and particularly in the construction of devices for starting the flow of the water by submerging a float in the tank; and in the devices for effecting a thorough, quick flushin g with a minimum of Water, and noiselessly, all as more fully hereinafter described.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical central section through a water-tank, its dischargepipe, and a portion of the bowl of a watercloset embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section through one of the vent-valves.

A is a Water closet bowl of known and usual construction. B isa trap in the bowl at the foot ofthe pipe 0, which is the discharge pipe from the tank 0 or the supply pipe for the bowl. This pipe connects into the bottom of the pipe D in the tank which enlarges at the top and is divided into the branches or b one either side of the diaphragm c. The branches (1 I) connect by return bends into the pipes 01, which form the short leg of the siphon for taking the water from the tank, and project into proximity to the bottom thereof.

E is the Water supply pipe for the tank C.

F is the valve controlling the water supply pipe and having a pin projecting from the casing against which the arm G of the lever H is adapted to bear. This lever carries the float I at its outer end.

J is a small tube or pipe extending through the diaphragm a down through the pipes O D, and into proximity to trap B. This pipe is provided at the top with a vent valve or cap E of the desired construction. I prefer one in which the vent can be adjusted and therefore preferably employ such a one as shown in Fig. 2, in which end of the pipeis interiorly threaded to receive the hollow cap K,

and break the siphon.

having a series of apertures L, one or more of which may be brought into use by adj usting the cap up or down.

M is a vent valve in the pipe 0 near the top thereof and preferably of the same construction as shown in Fig. 2. N is a lining of rubbet or similar material in the pipe 0.

The parts being thus constructed and combined they are adapted to operate as follows: To flush the closet, the operator draws upon the chain P, which rock's lever Q which is attached to the float I. This movement submerges the float, which displaces the water, causing it to overflow from the pipes ab into the' pipes D and O, which form the long leg of the siphon. The air in the'pipes D, 0 will be driven out ahead of the water through the tube J, so that there is no resistance to the downward flow of the water, and thus quickly starts the siphonic action, drawing the water from the tank and flushing the bowl.

' I have found by practical experiments that the siphon may be broken after any desired flushing interval by regulating the valve M, which admits air into the long log of the siphon. More or less of the air thus admitted will go with the water, While part will rise and will accumulate in the top of the pipe D In the usual construction of these devices, as the siphon breaks the drawing of the air into the pipe 0 makes a great noise, the resonance of which is increased by the fact that it is produced in the pipe. As the water descends in the pipe after the siphon is broken, the. air flows into the pipes O D through the valves E, M, and prevents this noise above referred to. The lining of the pipe 0 with rubber deadens such sounds as may be produced therein. The water continues to flow into the tank through the valve F, until the float is raised sufficiently to permit the closing of the valve.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In' a water closet, the combination with a bowl and flushing tank, of a flushing pipe connecting the tank and bowl, a siphon composed of a plurality of branches having a cen passing through the flushing pipe secured in the aperture of the diaphragm and-having a restricted vent in its upper end, substantially as described.

2. In a water closet, the combination with a bowl, and a flushing tank, of a flushing pipe connecting the tank and bowl, a siphon in the tank having an aperture therein at the top of the long leg thereof and communicating with the pipe, and an open ended air pipe passing through the flushing pipe and long w leg of the siphon and secured in the said aperture, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM J. BOWERMAN. W'itnesses: p

L. J. WHITTEMORE, O. F. BARTHEL. 

